KVM - Linux kernel virtualization manager

Links: docker containers, Linux/Bridge
Similar in function to VMware, it uses linux as a hypervisor for guest virtual machines.
Makes use of hardware virtualization built into most CPU's.
Gui - Virtual Machine Manager

Memory dedup with KSM

Monitor ksm with

     watch -d "tail  /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/* | sed -e :a -e 's/\(.*[0-9]\)\([0-9]\{3\}\)/\1,\2/;ta'"

Storage virsh/kvm

Disk storage is a pool, volumes is created from the pool and assigned to individual VM's.
- virsh vol-list default

Ubuntu cloud images on KVM

Need a config iso to configure user and ssh keys on boot

sudo apt install cloud-image-utils

Setup config file, must start with #cloud-config, file name: ubuntu-cloudimg-seed.txt

#cloud-config
output: {all: '| tee -a /var/log/cloud-init-output.log'}
password: ubuntu
chpasswd: { expire: False }
ssh_pwauth: True
ssh_authorized_keys:
 - ssh-rsa AAAAxxxxxxxxxxxxx

# Add users to the system. Users are added after groups are added.
#  - default = the 'ubuntu' user in addition to other users
users:
  - default
  - name: vagrant
    passwd: $6$vxxxxx<hash generated see comment below>xxxxxx
    ### python3 -c 'import crypt,getpass; print(crypt.crypt(getpass.getpass(), crypt.mksalt(crypt.METHOD_SHA512)))'
    lock-passwd: False 
    chpasswd: { expire: False }
    gecos: Default dev username vagrant
    primary-group: vagrant
    groups: sudo
    #selinux-user: staff_u
    #expiredate: 2012-09-01
    #ssh-import-id: vagrant
    ssh_pwauth: True

write_files:
  - path: /test-pes-create.txt
    content: |
      Here is a line.
      Another line is here.

runcmd:
  - touch /test-pes.txt

now use cloud-localds to create a iso/cdrom file to boot the ubuntu-cloud image with, the iso contains the config
- cloud-localds -vv ~/seed00.img ubuntu-cloudimg-seed.txt

VBox - Oracle virtual box

Create physical disk drive
- \Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename "C:\Users\<user_name>\VirtualBox VMs\<VM_folder_name>\<file_name>.vmdk" -rawdisk \\.\PhysicalDrive#

...